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News Sri Lanka reaffirms death penalty after killing of high court judge
Sri Lanka reaffirms death penalty after killing of high court judge
D. Wes Rist
November 20, 2004 04:10:00 pm

Sri Lankan President Chandrika Kumaratunga announced Saturday that the government would create a special security force to protect the nation's judges and judicial personnel and would reinstate capital punishment. The announcement came at the end of an emergency session...

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News Lawmakers reach agreement on 9/11 intelligence proposals
Lawmakers reach agreement on 9/11 intelligence proposals
D. Wes Rist
November 20, 2004 03:47:00 pm

Congressional lawmakers announced Saturday that House and Senate negotiators have reached agreement on legislation that would overhaul the US intelligence structure pursuant to the recommendations of the 9/11 Commission. The agreement is reported to create a new post that...

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News Spanish court jails freed al-Qaida suspects fearing flight risk before trial
Spanish court jails freed al-Qaida suspects fearing flight risk before trial
D. Wes Rist
November 20, 2004 03:13:00 pm

Spanish court officials said Saturday that 10 al-Qaida suspects who were previously free on bail have been jailed under a detention order from Judge Baltasar Garzon (BBC profile here) who indicted them in September 2003 for their connection to...

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News UK pro-hunting groups challenge Parliament Act
UK pro-hunting groups challenge Parliament Act
D. Wes Rist
November 19, 2004 01:57:00 pm

Pro-foxhunting groups are challenging the Hunting Bill 2004 which received Royal Assent Friday one day after the British government invoked the authority of the Parliament Act 1949 and passed it without the approval of the House of Lords. The...

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News UK murder suspect released by clerical error
UK murder suspect released by clerical error
D. Wes Rist
November 19, 2004 01:03:00 pm

Officials at HMP Manchester at Strangeways announced Friday that a clerical error resulted in accused murderer Bobby Phipps being released 4 days after he was remanded for trial. Phipps was set free Monday and wasn't discovered as missing until...

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News International brief ~ Sudan government, rebels sign peace pledge
International brief ~ Sudan government, rebels sign peace pledge
D. Wes Rist
November 19, 2004 09:35:00 am

Sudanese government officials and rebel representatives have signed a pledge to end the country's 21-year-old civil war by the end of the year. The pledge follows a concentrated push by the international community to see the resolution of the...

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News International brief ~ Sudan peace agreement promised at Security Council meeting in Nairobi
International brief ~ Sudan peace agreement promised at Security Council meeting in Nairobi
D. Wes Rist
November 18, 2004 10:13:00 am

The UN Security Council officially opened for business Thursday outside of its New York City headquarters for only the fourth time in its history. The Council meeting in Nairobi, Kenya, began with an empassioned plea by UN Secretary-General Kofi...

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News International brief ~ Japan constitutional reforms envision active military, female emperor
International brief ~ Japan constitutional reforms envision active military, female emperor
D. Wes Rist
November 17, 2004 10:43:00 am

Japan's Liberal Democratic Party, the current ruling party in the nation's Diet, has finished a draft proposal of reforms to the country's constitution. Included in the proposed reforms are specific changes to the structure and purpose of the nation's...

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News International brief ~ UN Security Council travels to Africa for Sudan discussions
International brief ~ UN Security Council travels to Africa for Sudan discussions
D. Wes Rist
November 16, 2004 10:40:00 am

The UN Security Council arrives in Nairobi, Kenya on Tuesday in preparation for its official meetings on the peace process in Sudan on Thursday. The meeting marks only the fourth time that the UN Security Council has ever held...

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News International brief ~ Security Council to vote on Cote d’Ivoire sanctions
International brief ~ Security Council to vote on Cote d’Ivoire sanctions
D. Wes Rist
November 15, 2004 11:05:00 am

The UN Security Council meets Monday to consider a draft French resolution proposing sanctions against Cote d'Ivoire. The proposed sanctions include an arms embargo, travel restrictions on those actively violating the cease-fire, and the freezing of governmental assets. The...

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Latest DISPATCHES
Russia court sentences pro-war activist and Putin critic to six years in prison

Russia court sentences pro-war activist and Putin critic to six years in prison

Ghana dispatch: regional African court orders Ghana to respond to alleged human rights violations

Ghana dispatch: regional African court orders Ghana to respond to alleged human rights violations

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After Radical Court Reform, Mexico’s Arbitration Protections Face First Major Test

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Explainer: The judiciary corruption scandal rocking Romania

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One of the World’s Most Climate-Vulnerable Nations, One of the Least Prepared: Sri Lanka’s Deadly Choice

THIS DAY @ LAW

Indian National Congress founded

The Indian National Congress (INC) was founded on December 28, 1885 in Bombay (now Mumbai), India. In subsequent decades, the so-called Congress Party would advocate for Indian independence from the UK, which was eventually achieved in 1947. The first Prime Minister of independent India, Jawaharlal Nehru, was elected as a member of the INC. Learn more about the history and founding of the Indian National Congress.

Congress recognized Pledge of Allegiance

On December 28, 1945, Congress officially recognized the Pledge of Allegiance and encouraged its recitation in schools. The Pledge was supposedly written in 1892 by Francis Bellamy, a Baptist minister, to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Columbus Day. The words “under God” were added by Congress in 1954. The revised version of the Pledge was the subject of litigation before the United States Supreme Court originally brought by Michael Newdow, a parent who unsuccessfully objected to his daughter's school district policy requiring daily recitation of the Pledge. The court ruled that Newdow had no standing.

Nepal ends monarchy, establishes republic

On December 28, 2007, the Kingdom of Nepal's interim parliament ended the country's monarchy and established the Republic of Nepal. Free elections were held on April 10 of the following year to elect a Constituent Assembly.

Learn more about the rise of democracy in Nepal.

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