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News UN Secretary-General urges Iran to address continued human rights problems
UN Secretary-General urges Iran to address continued human rights problems
Deirdre Jurand
October 21, 2008 09:33:00 am

UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon wrote in a report issued Monday that the Iranian government has made limited progress in some areas of human rights but that other areas such as basic freedoms, minority rights and...

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News Embattled OSC head to resign at end of term in January
Embattled OSC head to resign at end of term in January
Deirdre Jurand
October 21, 2008 08:09:00 am

US Office of Special Counsel (OSC) head Scott J. Bloch announced in a letter to President George W. Bush Monday that he will resign when his five-year term ends in January. Bloch could...

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News Germany cabinet passes regulations for banks joining financial rescue plan
Germany cabinet passes regulations for banks joining financial rescue plan
Deirdre Jurand
October 21, 2008 07:34:00 am

The German cabinet on Monday approved legal conditions that the government will impose on banks that receive financial assistance through the German financial rescue bill [Financial Stabilization Fund Regulation text, PDF,...

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News Supreme Court appoints special master in water rights case
Supreme Court appoints special master in water rights case
Deirdre Jurand
October 20, 2008 11:51:00 pm

The US Supreme Court on Monday appointed a special master to investigate and oversee a water rights case brought by Montana against Wyoming and North Dakota. Montana officials argued in...

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News Ukraine president dissolves Kiev court that blocked early elections
Ukraine president dissolves Kiev court that blocked early elections
Deirdre Jurand
October 14, 2008 09:40:00 am

Ukrainian president Victor Yushchenko Monday abolished the Kiev District Court by decree after it decided Saturday to block a previous presidential decree dissolving parliament and directing parliamentary elections in the wake of...

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News Sudanese Darfur prosecutor nearing completion of war crimes reports
Sudanese Darfur prosecutor nearing completion of war crimes reports
Deirdre Jurand
October 14, 2008 08:53:00 am

Sudan Justice Minister Abdel-Basit Sabdarat said Monday that a special prosecutor named to investigate and try war crimes suspects from the country's Darfur region has almost completed reports on some crimes in the region,...

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News Proposed Ethiopia NGO law would undermine human rights efforts: HRW
Proposed Ethiopia NGO law would undermine human rights efforts: HRW
Deirdre Jurand
October 13, 2008 09:54:00 am

Human Rights Watch (HRW) Monday encouraged the Ethiopian parliament to reject the draft Charities and Societies Proclamation , which HRW officials concluded in a report would severely undermine human rights efforts in the...

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News US military judge rules detainees not entitled to Internet access for trial defense
US military judge rules detainees not entitled to Internet access for trial defense
Deirdre Jurand
October 13, 2008 08:53:00 am

The US Department of Defense (DOD) released a ruling Sunday indicating that Guantanamo detainees who represent themselves at trial are not entitled to Internet access and some computer hardware and software to aid in their defense. Military...

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News Spain trial scheduled for Basque leaders charged for meeting with banned party
Spain trial scheduled for Basque leaders charged for meeting with banned party
Deirdre Jurand
October 7, 2008 10:17:00 am

Officials at the Superior Court of Justice of the Basque Country announced Monday that three of the region's political leaders, including its president, will stand trial for meeting publicly with members of the Batasuna party...

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News Germany coalition to amend constitution allowing military to aid police in emergencies
Germany coalition to amend constitution allowing military to aid police in emergencies
Deirdre Jurand
October 7, 2008 09:26:00 am

Officials from Germany's ruling coalition announced Monday that they would draft an amendment to the German constitution to allow the military to aid local police forces during emergencies. Under Article 35 of the German...

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Latest DISPATCHES
Russia court sentences pro-war activist and Putin critic to six years in prison

Russia court sentences pro-war activist and Putin critic to six years in prison

Ghana dispatch: regional African court orders Ghana to respond to alleged human rights violations

Ghana dispatch: regional African court orders Ghana to respond to alleged human rights violations

Latest COMMENTARY
Speaking as Suspicion: How Immigration Enforcement Chills Free Speech

Speaking as Suspicion: How Immigration Enforcement Chills Free Speech

by Lauren Gearty and Lawrence Friedman | New England Law
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After Radical Court Reform, Mexico’s Arbitration Protections Face First Major Test

by Arturo C. Porzecanski | American University
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Explainer: The judiciary corruption scandal rocking Romania

Explainer: The judiciary corruption scandal rocking Romania

One of the World’s Most Climate-Vulnerable Nations, One of the Least Prepared: Sri Lanka’s Deadly Choice

One of the World’s Most Climate-Vulnerable Nations, One of the Least Prepared: Sri Lanka’s Deadly Choice

THIS DAY @ LAW

Indian National Congress founded

The Indian National Congress (INC) was founded on December 28, 1885 in Bombay (now Mumbai), India. In subsequent decades, the so-called Congress Party would advocate for Indian independence from the UK, which was eventually achieved in 1947. The first Prime Minister of independent India, Jawaharlal Nehru, was elected as a member of the INC. Learn more about the history and founding of the Indian National Congress.

Congress recognized Pledge of Allegiance

On December 28, 1945, Congress officially recognized the Pledge of Allegiance and encouraged its recitation in schools. The Pledge was supposedly written in 1892 by Francis Bellamy, a Baptist minister, to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Columbus Day. The words “under God” were added by Congress in 1954. The revised version of the Pledge was the subject of litigation before the United States Supreme Court originally brought by Michael Newdow, a parent who unsuccessfully objected to his daughter's school district policy requiring daily recitation of the Pledge. The court ruled that Newdow had no standing.

Nepal ends monarchy, establishes republic

On December 28, 2007, the Kingdom of Nepal's interim parliament ended the country's monarchy and established the Republic of Nepal. Free elections were held on April 10 of the following year to elect a Constituent Assembly.

Learn more about the rise of democracy in Nepal.

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