The Burmese Rohingya Organisation UK (BROUK) published a comprehensive report on Wednesday revealing systematic violations against the Rohingya ethnic group in Myanmar’s Rakhine State. The findings come five years after the International Court of Justice (ICJ) ordered Myanmar to prevent acts of genocide against the minority group.
The report, titled “The Genocide Never Stopped – Five Years on From the World Court’s Order to Protect the Rohingya,” detailed how Myanmar’s military and the Arakan Army allegedly continue to systematically persecute members of the Rohingya ethnic group. Approximately 145,000 Rohingya remain arbitrarily detained in central Rakhine State under what BROUK described as a “policy of mass internment,” with women and children comprising about half of those detained.
BROUK President Tun Khin condemned the international community’s response to the crisis, pointing to multiple failures in preventing genocide and protecting the Rohingya population. Khin stated: “The international community has failed to act on warnings, failed to support refugees in Bangladesh, failed to enforce court orders, and now fails to address warnings of famine.”
The report noted that women and girls face particularly severe risks under the current situation. BROUK documented widespread sexual violence, including rape and threats of transfer to military compounds where they face abuse if unable to meet extortion demands. The military’s restrictions on humanitarian aid and trade have also created acute conditions in areas under Arakan Army control, with severely limited access to basic necessities such as healthcare and humanitarian assistance.
BROUK’s report also highlighted the military’s continued non-compliance with the ICJ’s January 2020 provisional measures, which required Myanmar to prevent genocidal acts, ensure military units do not commit genocide, preserve evidence of alleged genocidal acts, and report regularly on its compliance. In line with international efforts to address accountability, the chief prosecutor at the International Criminal Court (ICC) filed an application in November 2024 for an arrest warrant against Myanmar’s military chief, Senior General Min Aung Hlaing, over alleged crimes against humanity committed against the Rohingya minority.
The organization called on the British government, as the UN Security Council penholder on Myanmar, to urgently convene a meeting addressing Myanmar’s failures to comply with these binding orders. BROUK emphasized that concrete actions are needed to protect the Rohingya population and ensure accountability for perpetrators of atrocities.
These findings align with recent documentation from major human rights organizations. Human Rights Watch’s 2024 World Report noted that Myanmar’s military has intensified its crackdown on dissent while maintaining systematic discrimination amounting to apartheid against the Rohingya. Amnesty International similarly documented alleged crimes against humanity, finding that Rohingya individuals are confined in camps under conditions that effectively constitute institutionalized persecution.
A September 2024 report by the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights further emphasized these patterns. Between April 2023 and June 2024, the UN documented prevalent sexual violence against women detainees, with women in detention lacking access to reproductive healthcare and basic hygiene facilities.
The situation of the Rohingya reflects Myanmar’s broader crisis since the country’s February 2021 military coup. According to UN figures, over 3 million people have been internally displaced, with approximately 18.6 million requiring humanitarian assistance. During this time, the military has intensified its crackdown while battling resistance groups across the country.
