UN Special Rapporteur Ashwini K.P. on Friday called for action against systemic racism in Brazil after a 12-day fact-finding mission in the country. 

Ashwini emphasized that Brazil’s marginalized racial and ethnic groups, particularly those of African origin and Indigenous tribes, are grappling with systemic racism rooted in colonialism and enslavement despite their persistent and “courageous” activism. Ashwini also praised the Brazilian government for recognizing racial discrimination as a systemic issue and enacting strong laws to combat it. She noted, however, that the lives of people of African descent, Indigenous peoples, Quilombola communities and Roma individuals are often marked by endemic racialized violence and exclusion.

Ashwini called for urgent action to dismantle systemic racism, including police brutality, mass incarcerations and cultural and political exclusions. She also urged the government to address the root causes of racism and power imbalances, highlighting the need for a reparatory justice approach. She added, “Those from marginalized racial and ethnic backgrounds have already waited far too long for justice and equality. Lives depend on bolder and more immediate action.”

The official 12-day fact-finding mission in Brazil began on August 5 and ended on August 16. Ashwini assessed progress and challenges in achieving racial equality and eliminating systemic racism, examining legislative, policy and institutional frameworks in place. She also visited various Brazilian cities, meeting with federal and state authorities, racial and ethnic groups, civil society organizations, service providers, academics and other stakeholders. The Special Rapporteur’s report summarizing her visit will be followed by her recommendations to Brazil to the UN Human Rights Council in June 2025.

According to reports by the rights organization Amnesty International, systematic racism and sexism continue to limit access to housing and decent work in Brazil, with 63 percent of households led by Black women below the poverty line. Racism is also a factor in children and adolescents not attending school.

Brazil recently reiterated its commitment to combating racism and racial inequalities during the G20 meeting in Rio de Janeiro. Foreign Minister Mauro Vieira emphasized the importance of promoting ethnic and racial equality for a fairer, sustainable world, stating that racism and discrimination, including in sports, are a significant issue.