Canada’s Public Inquiry into Foreign Interference in Federal Electoral Processes and Democratic Institutions released its Initial Report on Friday, which details its investigation into foreign interference during the country’s 2019 and 2021 federal elections. Chaired by Commissioner Marie-Josée Hogue, the inquiry reviewed thousands of documents and heard over 60 witnesses during 21 days of hearings to determine the extent and impact of foreign interference.
The report concludes that while foreign interference was present during the last two federal elections, it did not alter the final election results or which party formed the government. The integrity of the electoral outcomes was maintained, although interference did affect public perception and the electoral process itself. Despite no alteration in the electoral outcomes, the report identifies significant concerns about the integrity of pre-vote processes.
Commissioner Hogue emphasized that the inquiry had unrestricted access to all relevant documents, including those classified for national security. The inquiry identified lapses in communication within the government’s handling of interference alerts but found no evidence of malicious intent.
The report includes a thorough examination of incidents where foreign interference was evident. For instance, it discusses the potential foreign influence in the 2019 Liberal nomination contest in Don Valley North, where there were strong indications of foreign activities aimed at influencing the nomination process. The inquiry could not conclusively determine the impact of these activities on the election result in the riding, but noted their potential significance.
Additionally, the report addresses misinformation campaigns and their effects on public trust. It notes that foreign actors utilized misinformation to influence public opinion, particularly targeting diaspora communities to sway their political views and participation.
Moving forward, the inquiry will enter its second stage, which will assess the capabilities of federal departments and agencies in responding to foreign interference. This stage will also include public outreach, particularly to diaspora communities, to collect broader experiences and insights on foreign interference. The inquiry plans to hold public hearings in the fall to discuss these findings further.
The inquiry’s ongoing efforts aim to bolster Canada’s defenses against foreign interference in future elections, with a comprehensive final report due by December 31, 2024. This report will include recommendations for strengthening the protection of Canada’s elections and democratic institutions against such threats.
