Both Gonzales and Carter argued at length in their briefs and at oral argument that district courts have the equitable power to stay proceedings when they determine that habeas petitioners are mentally incompetent. Neither petitioner disputes that "[d]istrict courts ... ordinarily have authority to issue stays, where such a stay would be a proper exercise of discretion." Similarly, both petitioners agree that "AEDPA does not deprive district courts of [this] authority." Petitioners and respondents disagree, however, about the types of situations in which a stay would be appropriate and about the permissible duration of a competency-based stay. We do not presume that district courts need unsolicited advice from us on how to manage their dockets. Rather, the decision to grant a stay, like the decision to grant an evidentiary hearing, is "generally left to the sound discretion of district courts." For purposes of resolving these cases, it is unnecessary to determine the precise contours of the district court’s discretion to issue stays. We address only its outer limits.

Rees involved a convicted murderer who attempted to withdraw his petition for certiorari from the Supreme Court, which his attorney, in good conscience, could not do. A psychiatrist then declared Rees mentally incompetent. The court retained jurisdiction by a stay [order text] until the federal district court could make a report on Melvin Rees' competency. Rees died in prison in 1995. The court then dismissed [order text] certiorari in a brief order.