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Legal news from Saturday, November 6, 2010




Federal appeals court rules death row inmate must appeal directly to Supreme Court
Sarah Paulsworth on November 6, 2010 1:15 PM ET

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[JURIST] The US Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit [official website] rejected a petition [ruling, PDF] from Troy Anthony Davis [advocacy website; JURIST news archive] on Friday for a certificate of appealability (COA), ruling that Davis must appeal his case directly to the US Supreme Court [official website]. Davis was seeking a COA to appeal the US District Court for the Southern District of Georgia [official website] September decision [order part 1, PDF; part 2, PDF; JURIST report] refusing his habeas corpus petition. In August 2009, the Supreme Court ordered [text, PDF; JURIST report] the district court to review Davis' case. He had filed an original writ of habeas corpus [cert. petition, PDF] directly in the Supreme Court. In its ruling on Friday, the federal appellate court noted that "[p]ursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c) [Cornell LII materials], a habeas petitioner may not appeal from a district court's adverse ruling unless a circuit justice or judge issues a COA." In addition, the court said:
If this court granted Davis's request for a COA and reviewed the district court's order at this juncture, as Davis requests, we would effectively be restoring his remedies in federal court, in complete contradiction to the express intent of Congress. In effect, we would be nullifying our previous decision denying Davis leave to file a successive habeas petition. We decline to do that.
In footnote 1 of the district court's September decision, the court called the jurisdictional effects of its decision "unclear," but said Davis would likely have to appeal this decision to the Supreme Court.

In October 2008, the Eleventh Circuit granted Davis a provisional stay of execution [JURIST report], directing the parties to address through briefs whether Davis can meet the stringent requirements of federal law that would permit him to file a second habeas corpus petition for federal review of his case. The Supreme Court had rejected [JURIST report] Davis' petition for certiorari appealing his death sentence earlier that month, lifting their own stay on his execution. The court had previously stayed [JURIST report] Davis' execution and had also previously denied a petition for certiorari in the case. Davis has been on death row since 1991 for allegedly murdering [Savannah Morning News report] an off-duty Savannah, Georgia, police officer in 1989.




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Taiwan ex-president Chen acquitted in bank merger fraud case
Sarah Paulsworth on November 6, 2010 12:21 PM ET

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[JURIST] Former Taiwanese president Chen Shui-bian [BBC profile; JURIST news archive] and 21 co-defendants, including his wife and other relatives, were acquitted on Friday of charges of money laundering, breach of trust and insider trading. Taipei District Court [official website, in Chinese] Judge Chou Chan-chun cited lack of evidence [AFP report] in his ruling, noting that, under the Anti-Corruption Act, the president does not control bank mergers [Taipei Times report] and as such he could not take bribes to influence them. Chen and his wife were accused [Taiwan News report] of taking bribes from banks and financial institutions [JURIST report] that sought to protect themselves during the implementation of Chen's financial reform program. Prosecutors said the couple took more than $20 million [Taipei Times report] from financial groups that sought to ensure that their mergers with smaller financial institutions went smoothly.

Chen was found guilty on corruption charges and sentenced to life in prison [JURIST report] in September 2009. Chen's wife was also given a life sentence [Bloomberg report] after the pair were convicted on charges of embezzlement, receiving bribes, forgery and money laundering. Chen was also indicted [JURIST report] shortly after his September life sentence on additional corruption charges relating to funds he received while traveling abroad as president. Chen was initially detained in November 2008, and was formally indicted [JURIST report] a month later. In January 2009, he unsuccessfully appealed [JURIST report] his pretrial detention, after staging three hunger strikes in protest. Chen maintains that current Taiwanese President Ma Ying-jeou [official website; JURIST news archive] is using Chen's trial to distance himself from Chen's anti-China views. Chen served as president of Taiwan from 2000-2008.




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Rights group asks Supreme Court to suspend 'Don't Ask Don't Tell'
Daniel Makosky on November 6, 2010 12:05 PM ET

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[JURIST] The Log Cabin Republicans (LCR) [advocacy website] on Friday filed a petition [text] asking the US Supreme Court [official website; JURIST news archive] to rescind the stay preventing the suspension of the military's "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" (DADT) [10 USC § 654; JURIST news archive] policy. The LCR are seeking to overturn the indefinite extension [order, PDF; JURIST report] of a temporary stay [JURIST report] issued by the US Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit [official website] earlier this week for the duration of the appeals process, or alternately to temporarily block the military from discharging those in violation of the policy. The group argues that the earlier order is premised on an abuse of discretion that failed to properly consider Lawrence v. Texas [opinion text]. They also contend that the court inaccurately balanced the competing interests involved, saying that "[a]ny alleged harms to the government are entirely bureaucratic, procedural, and transitory in nature, and are sharply outweighed by the substantial constitutional injury that servicemembers will sustain from a stay of the district court's judgment." The Ninth Circuit is not expected to issue a final ruling in the matter until next year.

Since the enactment of DADT in 1993, approximately 13,000 servicemen and women have been discharged from the armed forces as a result of the policy. In September, a federal judge for the US District for the Western District of Washington [official website] ordered [JURIST report] that a US Air Force officer be reinstated after being previously discharged under DADT. Also in September, the Senate [official website] rejected a cloture motion [JURIST report] on a defense appropriations bill that would have repealed the policy. In May, the House of Representatives and the Senate Armed Services Committee (SASC) [official websites] voted to repeal the policy after President Barack Obama and Defense Secretary Robert Gates agreed to a compromise [JURIST reports] that would prevent the repeal from taking effect until the completion of a review to determine what effects the repeal would have on military effectiveness, soldier retention and family readiness.




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Peru judge reinstates parole for US woman held for involvement with rebel group
Daniel Makosky on November 6, 2010 10:32 AM ET

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[JURIST] A Peruvian judge on Saturday reinstated the parole of Lori Berenson [advocacy website], a US citizen held since 1995 for collaboration with a Marxist rebel organization. Berenson has served three-quarters of a 20-year sentence, making her eligible for parole [AFP report]. She must now remain in Peru until the end of her parole, though the government may elect to commute the remainder of her sentence and deport her. Berenson was arrested in 1995 for involvement with the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) [GlobalSecurity backgrounder], a left-wing rebel group. She is alleged to have trained guerrillas [Guardian report] and moved weapons for the MRTA in addition to assisting the group carry out an attack on the Peruvian Congress [official website, in Spanish] by gaining access to the body using press credentials.

Berenson was originally granted parole [JURIST report] in May with the judge citing her good behavior, renunciation of violence and completion of rehabilitation. Judges for the court restored her sentence in August, however, after legal authorities failed to verify addresses of residence [JURIST report] provided by Berenson after her release. In 2005, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights [official website] denied an appeal to reinterpret its November 2004 ruling that upheld [JURIST reports] Berenson's conviction. Lawyers for Berenson claimed that her trial failed to meet international standards for fairness and sought to have her conviction and sentence overturned. In a 2000 CBS News interview [text], Berenson characterized her original trial proceedings as hostile and coercive, saying that she had faced a panel of hooded judges and that armed guards had aimed assault rifles at her and her lawyer's heads during the 10-minute proceeding. She was initially sentenced to life imprisonment by a military court, but the sentence was reduced to 20 years in a civil retrial in 2001.




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